Principles of management questions answer Essay

Principles of management questions answer - Essay Example It is conducted by government agencies, the civil service and nonprofit agencies in well-established organizations. Job classification determines the level of compensation for a specific job category. Job classification ensures consistency in the evaluation process and a uniform classification criterion. The process is done by analyzing accountability, problem solving and know- how. Job classification is determined by three attributed including the pay rate, job family and job title (Khan 115). Job classification is an important aspect in hiring and recruitment as it leads to reorganization, identification of new positions and creation of new positions in an entity. Recruitment. Recruitment refers process undertaken by companies to get the best candidate for a job within the organization or outside the organization. This process entails evaluating the requirements for the job, screening the applicants, attracting employees to the job and incorporating new employees in the organizatio n (Khan 115). This process can be done internally or externally depending on the job classification and the nature of candidates the firm aims to attract. The process starts by the company trying to reach a high number of applicants through social media advertising, college and campus recruitment, newspaper advertisements and job postings on the company’s websites (Khan 117). After the potential candidates have been shortlisted, they screened to establish if they are qualified for the position. They are called upon to be interviewed and undertaken through other assessment methods. Their prospective employers check their background and their references. During the recruitment employees are interviewed are required to state their preferred amount for compensation. Selection. Employee selection is the process of given the job to the right candidate. Further, it entails matching the organizational needs with the qualifications and skills for the job. Efficient selection is done w here there is efficient job matching (Khan 111). This enables the company to hire employees that will deliver quality performance in the firm. The company also faces fewer cases of employee turnover and absenteeism. Appropriate screening takes place during the selection process. Selection is different from recruitment since it is more comprehensive and involves choosing the best candidate for the job. The process takes place in the following steps: Preliminary interview that eliminates candidates who do not meet the minimum eligibility. Application of blanks involves collection of data on qualifications, age and job experience. Several written tests including aptitude, intelligence and personality tests are done (Khan 118). Employment interviews are later conducted that involve as face-to-face communication between the interviewers and the candidates. Finally, the medical examination is done to ensure that the potential candidate is healthy. There is a relation between employee sele ction and evaluation. Compensation. Employee compensation includes all the financial and non- financial benefits given to employees for the work that they do. The financial benefits include salary and wages while the non- financial benefits includes social insurance and others forms of employee benefits (Khan 119). Compensation is based on the skills, experience and

Teaching of Maths in Primary Schools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Teaching of Maths in Primary Schools - Essay Example Mike Askew et al in their study on effectiveness in the teaching of numeracy isolated three belief systems that were characteristic of the approaches teachers took in teaching numeracy. They were the connectionist, transmission and discovery models. An in-depth look at their respective characteristics, relative merits and overall efficacy is given below. The Connectionist Model: In the words of Askew et al (1997, p.341) it includes "beliefs based around both valuing pupils' methods and teaching effective strategies with an emphasis on establishing connections within mathematics." The stress here is on efficiency as well as effectiveness. The keyword is "connection" as connectionist oriented teachers seek to teach students to establish links between the numbers, methods and concepts in mathematics in order to facilitate a deeper understanding of the subject. Students are expected to be aware of the available methods and to demonstrate skill in selecting the appropriate method. "The connectionist orientation places a strong emphasis on developing reasoning, justification and, eventually, proof within the teaching of number."(Askew et al, 1997, p.343) These teachers believe that students come equipped with mental strategies and it is possible for anyone to achieve proficiency in mathematics with the help of effective teaching. Misunder standings are seen as a way to clarify matters and enhance understanding. An important tool for the connectionist oriented teacher is the use of dialogue as the basis of imparting knowledge. The Transmission Model: According to Askew et al (1997, p.341) it is the "beliefs based around the primacy of teaching and a view of mathematics as a collection of separate routines and procedures." Teachers of this orientation set much store by routine and paper and pencil methods. They teach mathematical concepts in isolation. A student's prior knowledge of the subject is largely seen as irrelevant. The emphasis here is on teaching rather than on learning. If the student fails to learn despite a clear verbal explanation, it is seen as a result of the child's inability to learn. The teacher uses the question and answer format to discern students' progress. The Discovery Model: Askew et al (1997, p.341 state that it includes "beliefs based around the primacy of learning and a view of mathematics as being discovered by pupils." Here the stress is on the process of discovery as the student explores and understands the world of mathematics. The method used is considered irrelevant, provided the correct answer is arrived at. It aims to focus on and improve practical skills. As per this orientation learning is of importance and students are encouraged to learn at their pace and use the strategies they see as appropriate. Numeracy is seen as a natural process and it cannot be hastened. Having noted the salient features of these belief systems, it must be remembered that they are 'ideal types' and it is unlikely that any teacher will be a purist with regard to these orientations. With regard to efficiency in teaching mathematics there is little room for doubt. Askew et al (1997, p.345) have concluded from their studies "that those teachers with a strong